Terrestrial photogrammetry and handheld laser scanning technique in 3D modeling of small objects

Abstract

Cultural heritage works are an important tool in shedding light on a society's past to the future and keeping its social values alive at all times. Cultural heritage; We can examine it in three different ways: concrete, intangible and natural heritage. Nowadays, there are many methods and techniques used in 3D modeling of cultural heritage works. In recent years, laser scanning and photogrammetric techniques have been used in 3D modeling of objects of all sizes. In this study, two objects of different sizes were modeled using photogrammetric and hand-held laser scanning methods and the resulting models were examined. 3D models of the objects were created using two different methods, and the lengths of the same places were compared on the resulting models. While the measurements were obtained, the places to be measured were clearly observed in the measurement values obtained from the photogrammetric method, and values close to the measurement value obtained with the electronic caliper were obtained. Since the point cloud density was not sufficient in the measurements obtained by hand-held laser scanning, the image locations obtained from it could not be selected exactly and approximate measurement values could only be taken. Of the two methods, handheld laser scanning was not affected by ambient lighting and the scanning process was completed faster. Handheld laser scanning is not an applicable technique for small-sized objects because it does not create a sufficiently dense point cloud. It has been concluded that the photogrammetry technique is a suitable technique for 3D modeling of small-sized cultural heritage artifacts and that the resulting models can be used safely in studies.