Applications of Remote Sensing in Solving Myriads of Geological Problems: A Review

Abstract

Numerous geological problems can be conveniently solved through the application of remote sensing techniques. This work seeks to review the available literature on remote sensing utilization in geological and geotechnical sciences. It however observed that remote sensing makes possible the collection of data from dangerous or inaccessible geological terrains and is applicable in geological mapping, landform studies/characterization, mineral/rock identification, soil properties (such as soil texture, moisture content of the soil, soil organic carbon, and soil salinity), geodetic survey, geomorphological studies, and detection of geologic hazards. Other uses of remote sensing include oil spill detection and monitoring and by integrating with Geographical Information System (GIS), it is a perfect match for hydrological studies, landslide, and urban planning. Though remote sensing in geology has limitations such as limited capabilities, data volume for transmission and inconsistency in data acquisition and interpretation, ground-truthing surveys and repeated reconnaissance remain the irreplaceable solutions to these limitations.