Comparison of shoreline extraction indexes performance using Landsat 9 satellite images in the heterogeneous coastal area

Abstract

In this study, automatic shoreline extraction was performed using different indexes in the coastal region containing different land cover types and their performances were compared. For this purpose, Landsat 9 Satellite images, the newest satellite of Landsat, were used. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI), Water Ratio Index (WRI), and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), which are frequently preferred in the literature, are used automatically to determine the shoreline. The obtained shorelines were compared with the reference shoreline and their performances were evaluated. In the performance evaluation phase, the behavior of the shoreline inference indices in different land cover types adjacent to the shore was examined and their advantages and disadvantages compared to each other were revealed. The results showed that AWEI, NDWI, WRI, NDMI and NDVI gave the most accurate results in automatic shoreline inference across the study area, respectively. Although AWEI still gives a high accuracy in different land cover types, it is seen that the accuracy of NDVI increases in the region where vegetation is adjacent to the shore.