Determination of Effects of Seasonal and Sampling Area on Ulva Rigida’s Elemental Composition
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Macroalgae is used as a bioindicator for their accumulation capacity of potentially hazardous elements. Ulva spp. was used extensively in previous studies as in the recent study. Along the Mersin coast, sampling was made in four different locations (Çamlıbel Marina, Pozcu Marina, Deniz Feneri, Karaduvar) during the spring and summer seasons between 2015-2016. For elemental analyses, ICP-MS was used, and Mg, Al, K, Ti, Cr, Mn, As, Se, Sr, Mo levels were analyzed in Ulva rigida samples. The highest level (134960.0 µg g-1) was found in the elemental analysis of Mg, and the lowest levels (20.83 µg g-1) were found in the elemental analysis of Se. Potentially hazardous trace elements (Al, Ti, Cr, Sr, As, Mn) were found in high levels in all seasons and sampling points in comparison to other studies. The abundance in other elements (Mg, K, Mo, and Se) was also notable in the same sense. The seasonal difference seems to have little effect on the accumulation of trace elements for our study. Pozcu Marina and Karaduvar stations are good sampling points in regard to monitor potentially toxic elements in macroalgae tissue.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Alp M T, Özbay & Sungur M A (2012). Determination of Heavy Metal Levels in Sediment and Macroalgae (Ulva Sp. and Enteromorpha Sp.) on the Mersin Coast. Ekoloji 21 (82): 47-55.
Altun Z (2017). Mersin Körfezi’nin Kiyisal Zonunda Toplanan Ulva Rigida Örneklerinde Ağir Metal ve Yağ Derişimlerinin İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mersin Üniversitesi. Mersin.
Black W A & Mitchell R L (1952). Trace elements in the common brown algae and in sea water. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 30 (3), 575–584.
Bohn A, (1975). Arsenic in marine organisms from West Greenland. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 6 (6), 87–89.
Bonanno G & M Orlando-Bonaca (2018). "Trace elements in Mediterranean seagrasses and macroalgae. A review." Science of The Total Environment 618: 1152-1159.
Campanella L, Conti M E, Cubadda F & Sucapane C (2001). Trace metals in seagrass: algae and molluscs from an uncontaminated area in the Mediterranean. Environ Pollut. 111, 117–126.
Castillo L (2016). Heavy Metals and Health. New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Chakraborty S, Bhattacharya T, Singh G & Maity J P, 2014. Benthicmacroalgae as biological indicators of heavy metal pollution in the marine environments: a biomonitoring approach for pollution assessment. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 100, 61–68.
Diaz-Pulido G & McCook L July 2008, ‘Macroalgae (Seaweeds)’ in Chin. A, (ed) The State of the Great Barrier Reef On-line, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville. Viewed on (14/11/2019), http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/corp_site/info_services/publications/sotr/downloads/SORR_Macroalgae.pdf.
EPA (1999). "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Code of Federal Regulations. 40 CFR 141.32."
European Commission, (2000) Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) (Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-framework/index_en.html Accessed 03 December 2020).
European Commission, (2008) Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC) (Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32008L0056:en:NOT Accessed 03 December 2020).
Fawzy E M (2008). Soil remediation using in situ immobilization techniques. Chemistry and Ecology. 24, 147–156.
Fleurence J (1999). Seaweed proteins: Biochemical, nutritional aspects and potential uses. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 10: 25–28.
Fuge R, James K H (1973). Trace metal levels in brown seaweeds, Cardigan Bay, Wales. Mar. Chem. 1 (4), 281–293.
García-Seoane R, J A Fernández, R Villares & J R Aboal (2018). "Use of macroalgae to biomonitor pollutants in coastal waters: Optimization of the methodology." Ecological Indicators 84: 710-726.
Garelick H, Jones H, Dybowska A & Valsami-Jones E (2009). Arsenic Pollution Sources. Springer New York. pp. 17-60.
Guiry M D (2013). Silver Strand, Co. Galway, Ireland; fertile plant (olive-green marginal sori). 15 Eylül 2019 tarihinde www.algaebase.org adresinden erişildi.
Gupta S & Abu-Ghannam N (2011). Bioactive potential and possible health effects of edible brown seaweeds. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 22: 315–326.
Haug A, Melsom S, Ormang S (1974). Estimation of heavy metal pollution in two Norwegian fjord areas by analysis of the brow algae Ascophyllum nodosum. Environ. Pollut. 7 (3), 179–192.
Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew B B & Beeregowda K N (2014). Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 7(2), 60-72.
Lobban C S, Harrison P J (1997). Seaweed Ecology and Physiology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 366.
Loughnane C J, McIvor L M, Rindi F, Stengel D B & Guiry M D (2008). Morphology, rbc l phylogeny and distribution of distromatic Ulva (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) in Ireland and southern Britain. Phycologia 47: 416–429.
Malea P & T Kevrekidis (2014). "Trace element patterns in marine macroalgae." Science of The Total Environment 494-495: 144-157.
Malea P, A Chatziapostolou & T Kevrekidis (2015). "Trace element seasonality in marine macroalgae of different functional-form groups." Marine Environmental Research 103: 18-26.
Martignier A, Filella M, Pollok K, Melkonian M, Bensimon M, Barja F, Langenhorst F, Jaquet J M & Ariztegui D (2018) Marine and freshwater micropearls: biomineralization producing strontium-rich amorphous calcium carbonate inclusions is widespread in the genus Tetraselmis (Chlorophyta). Biogeosciences, 15, 6591–6605, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6591-2018.
Murphy V (2007) An investigation into the Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Binding by Selected Seaweed Species (doktora tezi)
Pathania D (2016). Heavy Metals: Sources, Toxicity and Remediation Techniques. Hauppauge, New York, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Pawlik-Skowronska B, Pirszel J & Brown M T (2007). Levels of phytochelatins and glutathione found in natural assemblages of seaweeds depend on species and metal levels of the habitat. Aquatic Toxicology 83, 190e199.
Phillips D J H (1990). Use of macroalgae and invertebrates as monitors of metal levels in estuaries and coastal waters. In: Furness, R.W., Rainbow, P.S. (Eds.), Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 81–99.
Rayman M P (2012). "Selenium and human health." The Lancet 379(9822): 1256-1268.
Rosseland B O, T D Eldhuset & M Staurnes (1990). "Environmental effects of aluminium." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 12(1): 17-27.
Roy P & Saha A (2002). Metabolism and toxicity of arsenic: A human carcinogen. Current Science, 82(1), 38-45.
Sanjay K S (2014). Heavy Metals In Water : Presence, Removal and Safety. [Cambridge], Royal Society of Chemistry.
Singh R, Gautam N, Mishra A & Gupta R (2011). Heavy metals and living systems: An overview. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 43(3), 246-253.
Thorpe C L, Lloyd J R, Law G T W, Burke I T, Shaw S, Bryan N D & Morris K (2012). Strontium sorption and precipitation behaviour during bioreduction in nitrate impacted sediments, Chemical Geology, Volumes 306–307, Pages 114-122, ISSN 0009-2541, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.03.001.
Tibau A V, B D Grube, B J Velez V M Vega & J Mutter (2019). "Titanium exposure and human health." Oral Science International 16(1): 15-24.
Vormann J (2003). "Magnesium: nutrition and metabolism." Molecular Aspects of Medicine 24(1): 27-37.
Whelton P K & J He (2014). "Health effects of sodium and potassium in humans." Current Opinion in Lipidology 25(1): 75-79.
Wort D J (1955). The seasonal variation in chemical composition of Macrocystis integrifolia and Neroecystis luetkeana in British Colombia coastal waters. Can. J. Bot. 33 (4), 323–340.